fall by和fall to區別

下降的多少不同fall by意思是下降了多少，後面一般接數值或百分數。 fall to意思是下降到多少，後面一般接數值。fall to 4.7 percent意思是下降到了百分之四點七而fall by 4.7 percent則是表示下降了4.7個百分點

1、側重點不同

（1）fall by側重點在於下降了多少、變化的數量。

例如：Shareholders have seen the value of their shares fall by one fifth since last july。

翻譯：股東們看到了他們的股票價值從去年七月以來下跌了五分之一。

（2）fall to側重點在下降後的數值，後面一般接數值。

例如：BlackBerry has seen its share of that market fall to 7% from 34% two years ago。

翻譯：黑莓的市場份額則從兩年前的34%降到了現在的7%。

2、後面接的內容不同

（1）fall by後面除了接數值還可以接百分數。

（2）fall to後面一般接數值。

fall用作連繫動詞只限於和少數形容詞或名詞搭配。

1、 fall asleep

The child soon fell asleep.

孩子很快睡着了。

While he was studying， he fell asleep.

他念書念得睡着了。

He fell asleep with the light still burning.

燈還開着他睡着了。

He said that if he fell asleep at the wheel she was to wake him up.

他説，如果他在開車時打瞌睡，她必須把他叫醒。

2、 fall ill

Tom suddenly fell ill yesterday.

湯姆昨天突然病了。

He has fallen ill.

他病了。

He was to have been the new ambassador， but he fell ill.

他本來要出任新大使，但是病倒了。

3、 fall silent

He fell silent.

他靜了下來。

At the President’s entry everyone fell silent.

總統進來時大家都安靜下來。

4、 fall a victim

He fell a victim to her charms.

他成了她魅力的受害者。

Lots of people fell victims to fascism.

許多人成了法西斯的受害人。

5、 fall prey

The zebra fell prey to the lion.

那斑馬被獅子捕食。

She was prey to irrational fears.

她遭受着無端恐懼的折磨。